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Concept Notes
Short, source-checked explanations of the ideas that shape Indian competition-law analysis.
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01
Abuse of Dominance
Why dominance is not illegal, but abuse of market power is.
02
Cartels and Bid Rigging
How coordination between competitors harms the competitive process.
03
Exclusive Agreements
How exclusivity can be efficient, but may become exclusionary.
04
Hub-and-Spoke Arrangements
How competitors may coordinate indirectly through an intermediary.
05
Market Share and Dominance
Why market share matters, but does not decide dominance by itself.
06
Predatory Pricing
Why low prices are usually good, but below-cost exclusion can be abusive.
07
Refusal to Deal and Denial of Market Access
When commercial freedom to refuse access crosses into foreclosure.
08
Relevant Market
How competition law frames the market before assessing power or effects.
09
Resale Price Maintenance
When recommended resale prices become resale price control.
10
Tying and Bundling
When selling products together becomes a competition concern.